Phospho-RIPK3 (Ser227) Antibody - #AF3893

Essential for necroptosis, a programmed cell death process in response to death-inducing TNF-alpha family members. Upon induction of necrosis, RIPK3 interacts with, and phosphorylates RIPK1 and MLKL to form a necrosis-inducing complex. RIPK3 binds to and enhances the activity of three metabolic enzymes: GLUL, GLUD1, and PYGL. These metabolic enzymes may eventually stimulate the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, which could result in enhanced ROS production.

RIPK1 and RIPK3 undergo reciprocal auto- and trans-phosphorylation. Phosphorylation of Ser-199 plays a role in the necroptotic function of RIPK3. Phosphorylation at Ser-227 is required for binding MLKL. Phosphorylation at Thr-182 is important for its kinase activity, interaction with PELI1 and PELI1-mediated 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination and for its ability to mediate TNF-induced necroptosis.

Polyubiquitinated with 'Lys-48' and 'Lys-63'-linked chains by BIRC2/c-IAP1 and BIRC3/c-IAP2, leading to activation of NF-kappa-B. Polyubiquitinated with 'Lys-48'-linked chains by PELI1 leading to its subsequent proteasome-dependent degradation. Ubiquitinated by STUB1 leading to its subsequent proteasome-dependent degradation.

Cytoplasm>Cytosol. Cell membrane. Mitochondrion.

Highly expressed in the pancreas. Detected at lower levels in heart, placenta, lung and kidney. Isoform 3 is significantly increased in colon and lung cancers.

Interacts (via RIP homotypic interaction motif) with RIPK1 (via RIP homotypic interaction motif); this interaction induces RIPK1 phosphorylation and formation of a RIPK1-RIPK3 necrosis-inducing complex. Upon TNF-induced necrosis, the RIPK1-RIPK3 dimer further interacts with PGAM5 and MLKL; the formation of this complex leads to PGAM5 phosphorylation and increase in PGAM5 phosphatase activity. Interacts with MLKL; the interaction is direct. Binds TRAF2 and is recruited to the TNFR-1 signaling complex. Interacts with PYGL, GLUL and GLUD1; these interactions result in activation of these metabolic enzymes. Interacts with BIRC2/c-IAP1, BIRC3/c-IAP2 and XIAP/BIRC4. Interacts with ARHGEF2. Interacts with PELI1 (via atypical FHA domain); the phosphorylated form at Thr-182 binds preferentially to PELI1. Interacts with BUB1B, TRAF2 and STUB1. Interacts with ZBP1 (By similarity).

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family.